Connecting with the device to the System (Laptop/Desktop)

To log in to SILBO_IA44-C by connecting the router to your laptop or desktop via LAN or using Wi-Fi, please follow the steps below.

Connecting via LAN:

Connect your laptop's LAN port to one of the router's LAN interfaces. Ensure that you select any LAN interface (there is one available) while making sure the WAN interface is not used.

How to connect with the SILBO_IA44-C application

Once the LAN connection is established between the device and the laptop or the desktop

Please open the command prompt and ping to get the IP config of that device.

Type the command Ipconfig

It will provide the Ip address/url of that device through which the application can be accessed.

Log In

Open the web browser and type the IP address in the URL.

It will show the log in page of the application.

Give the valid credentials for the username and password to login to the application page.

Once the user credentials are provided it will direct to the landing page of the application.

The “Status” landing page shows all the detailed specification of the device like system, memory storage and connection tracking etc.

The application is divided in to 8 Modules.

Info
Settings
Maintenance
Status
Features
Configuration
Appmanager
Logout

1. Info

The “Info” module provides the information about the devices to the user.

It provides all the specification related to the hardware, firmware, Networks and the Connection uptimes.

It has 3 submodules.

Overview
System Log
Kernel Log

1.1 Overview

In overview module it displays all the specification categorically of a device like System, Memory, storage, Connection tracking, DHCP Lease.

System:

In this section it displays the hardware configured specification of the device.

The specifications details are as follows,

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	Hostname	37B11241001	This field displays the router serial number of the device
2	Model	Silbo_IA44-C_GW-EC200A	This field displays the model number of the device
3	Firmware Version and IPK Version	1.16_1.13_RC3	This field displays the firmware version and IPK version
4	Application Firmware version and IPK version	1.03_1.09	This field displays the software version of the device.
5	Kernel Version	4.14.180	This field displays the kernel version of the device
6	Local Time	Tuesday, August 6, 2024 at 01:15:07 PM	This field displays the local time
7	Uptime	1d 2h 23m 25s	This field displays the uptime of the device
8	Load Average	0.45 0.30 0.19	This field displays the average load

Memory:

In this section it displays the memory configured specification of the device.

The specifications details are as follows.

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	Total Available	57716 kB / 124188 kB (46%)	This field displays the total availability of memory space in the device
2	Free	46424 kB / 124188 kB (37%)	This field displays the Free memory space in the device
3	Cached	444 kB / 124188 kB (0%)	This field displays the Cached memory space in the device
4	Buffered	11224 kB / 124188 kB (9%)	This field displays the Buffered memory space in the device

Storage:

In this section it displays the status of storage as root and temporary usage specification of the device.

The specifications details are as follows.

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	Root Usage	1580 kB / 12800 kB (12%)	This field displays the total root usage of the device
2	Temporary Usage	444 kB / 62092 kB (0%)	This field displays the total temporary usage of the device

Network:

In this section you can monitor IPv4 WAN status.

The specifications details are as follows.

SN	Field Name	Sample value	Description
1	Type	DHCP client	A DHCP client is a device or software that requests and receives configuration information from a DHCP server, such as an IP address, gateway, and DNS servers.
2	Connected	1h 49m 8s	This indicates the duration for which the device has been connected to the network.
3	Address	10.62.35.111	This is the IP address assigned to the DHCP client by the DHCP server. It uniquely identifies the device on the network.
4	Gateway	10.62.35.144	The gateway (or default gateway) is the IP address of the network device that routes traffic from the local network to other networks.
5	DNS	8.8.8.8, 10.103.81.232	The first DNS server "8.8.8.8" is a public DNS server provided by Google. The second DNS server "10.103.81.232" is a private DNS server.

Active SIM Information:

This section displays SIM details only when the SIM card is active.

Connection Tracking:

In this section it displays the status of connection tracking for the device.

The specifications details are as follows.

SN	Field Value	Sample Value	Description
1	Active Connections	48/16384 (0%)	This field displays the active connection of the device.

DHCP Leases:

In this section it displays the DHCP lease of the temporary assignment of an IP address to a device on the network.

The specifications details are below.

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	Host Name	KermaniK-LT	This field displays the configured Host Name/Username for that device.
2	IPv4-Address	192.168.10.147	This field displays the IP address of the device.
3	MAC-Address	34:73:5a:bb: ab:7a	This field displays the MAC-Address of the device.
4	Lease time remaining	11h 53m 49s	This field displays the lease time remaining for the device.

1.2 System Log

This page provides on screen System logging information. In this page the user gets to view the system logs.

1.3 Kernel Log

This page provides on screen Kernel logging information.

In this page the user gets to view the Kernel logs.

2. Setting

In this “Setting” module the user can Configure/update all the required parameters related to Network, SIM Switch, Internet, VPN, Firewall, Loopback Rule, Remote monitoring, Tunnel as per requirement.

IT consist of 8 submodules.

Network
Sim Switch
Internet
VPN
Firewall
Loopback Rule
Remote Monitoring
Tunnel

2.1 Network

In this section the user does all the setting related configuration with reference to network like Ethernet Setting, Cellular Setting, Band lock and Operator Lock, Wi-Fi, Guest Wi-Fi, Wireless Schedule, SMS Setting, Loopback IP.

Ethernet Setting:

In this page it will display all the configured port that is attached with the device.

For this device 2 ports are configured. Ethernet mode can be configured as WAN and as LAN as well. Ethernet LAN Connection settings can be configured as DHCP server or Static.

For port 2 settings,

Port 2 is convertible from WAN to LAN while EWAN2(WAN) stays by default.

Note: After any changes made, save and update the page below.

SW_LAN settings,

In this part the user can configure the setting for SW_LAN.

Note: After any changes made, save and update the page below.

The specifications details are below.

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	SW_LAN Ethernet Protocol	DHCP Server	This field displays the Ethernet mode selection.
2	SW_LAN DHCP Server IP	192.168.10.1	This field displays DHCP server IP configured which can be changed accordingly.
3	SW_LAN DHCP Netmask	255.255.255.0	This field displays DHCP server Netmask address configured.
4	SW_LAN DHCP Start Address	100	This field displays DHCP server start address configured.
5	SW_LAN DHCP Limit	50	This field displays DHCP server limit.
6	DNS Server	1	This filed display number of DNS server availability.
7	DNS Server Address	8.8.8.8	This filed display the DNS server address.

After configuring all the required information, the user should click on the save and then click on the update to update the all the required information.

Static option for SW_LAN Ethernet Protocol:

Select the option of static from the drop-down menu for SW_LAN Ethernet Protocol.

Note: After any changes made, save and update the page below.

The specifications details are below.

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	SW_LAN Ethernet Protocol	Static	This field displays the Ethernet mode selection
2	SW_LAN static IP	192.168.5.1	This field displays static server IP configured.
3	SW_LAN Netmask	255.255.255.0	This field displays static server Netmask address configured
4	DNS Server	1	This filed display number of DSN server availability
5	DSN Server Address	8.8.8.8	This filed display the DSN server address.

After configuring all the required information, the user should click on the save and then click on the update to update the all the required information.

Cellular Setting:

In this page, the user needs to configure the various details with respect to the SIM.

Select single cellular single sim where the user must configure the APN details of the sim used for the router device. The Configurations can be done based on the SIM usage, with respect to IPV4 or IPV6.

The specifications details are below.

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	Cellular Enable	Checkbox	Check this box to enable cellular functionality.
2	Cellular Operation Mode	1.) Single Cellular with Dual Sim 2.) Single Cellular with Single SIM	1.) This mode allows you to use one cellular modem with two SIM cards. 2.) This mode allows you to use one cellular modem with single SIM card.
3	Cellular Modem 1	QuectelEC200A	This field displays the modem name.
4	Choose SIM 1 APN Mode	1.) Auto 2.) Manual	1.) Choose Auto for regular SIM to detect APN name automatically. 2.) Choose manual to enter the APN settings manually in case of M2M SIM cards.
5	SIM 1 Access Point Name	airtelgprs.com	Enter the APN provided by your cellular service provider in case of M2M sim. For regular sim cards APN name will be displayed automatically.
6	SIM 1 PDP Type	IPV4	Choose the PDP type, which is typically either IPv4 or IPv6 depending on the sim card.
7	SIM 1 Username		Enter the username if required by the APN. Leave blank if not required.
8	SIM 1 Password		Enter the password if required by the APN. Leave blank if not required.
9	SIM 1 Authentication Protocol	None	Choose the authentication protocol. Options typically include None, PAP, or CHAP.
10	Choose SIM 2 APN Mode	1.) Auto 2.) Manual	1.) Choose Auto for regular SIM to detect APN name automatically. 2.) Choose manual to enter the APN settings manually in case of M2M SIM cards.
11	SIM 2 Access Point Name	airtelgprs.com	Enter the APN provided by your cellular service provider in case of M2M sim. For regular sim cards APN name will be displayed automatically.
12	SIM 2 PDP Type	IPV4	Choose the PDP type, which is typically either IPv4 or IPv6 depending on the sim card.
13	SIM 2 Username		Enter the username if required by the APN. Leave blank if not required.
14	SIM 2 Password		Enter the password if required by the APN. Leave blank if not required.
15	SIM 2 Authentication Protocol	None	Choose the authentication protocol. Options typically include None, PAP, or CHAP.
16	Primary SIM Switchback Time (In Minutes)	10	Enter the time in minutes after which the system should switch back to the primary SIM if it becomes available.

After configuring all the required information, the user should click on the save and then click on the update to update the all the required information.

Band lock and Operator Lock:

In this page, the user needs to configure the lock band and operator based on the service provider.

Bands available in the drop-down list.

2G/3G option:

2G/3G: - 3G allows additional features such as mobile internet access, video calls and mobile TV. While the main function of 2G technology is the transmission of information through voice calls.

The user should select the band check box available for 2g/3g from the given list. Bands available for selection under LTE for the bands available in that area.

Operator Selection Mode:

The user needs to click on the check box of the “operator select enable” to select the operator.

Once the check box is clicked there will be a dropdown list of the operator modes from which the user needs to select the mode. The user needs to select the operator mode from the given dropdown list.

If the user selects the mode “Manual” or “Manual-Automatic” then one more text box will appear where the user must provide the operator code.

After configuring all the required information, the user should click on the save and then click on the update to update the all the required information.

Wi-Fi Setting:

In this, router has the general setting and change country code, channel, radio mode, radio passphrase as per the requirement after clicking on enable Radio button.

The user needs to select the respective radio mode based on its need.

It has 3 radio modes.

‘Access point’, ‘client only’ and ‘Access point and client’

Refer the below picture.

Access Point mode:

In Access Point mode, a configuration in which a router, allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network by creating a Wi-Fi hotspot.

Client point:

In client mode, the access point connects your wired devices to a wireless network. This mode is suitable when you have a wired device with an Ethernet port and no wireless capability, for example, a smart TV, Media Player, or Game console and you want to connect it to the internet wirelessly, select the Client Mode and give the Radio SSID & client passphrase.

Access point and client point:

Select this option for both type of connection, give both SSID and passphrase.

After configuring all the required information, the user should click on the save and then click on the update to update the all the required information.

The specifications details are below.

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	Radio 0 Protocol	IEEE 802.11 b/g/n	This section shows the radio protocol which is by default.
2	Country Code	INDIA	Select the country accordingly. (INDIA by default)
3	Channel	Auto	In this dropdown the user should select the proper channel to be used. (Auto by default)
4	TX Power	100	In this text box the user should specify the power.
5	Channel Width	20 MHz	In this dropdown the user should select the channel width
6	Radio Mode	1.) Access point 2.) Client only 3.) Access point and client	In this drop down the user should select the mode. (Access point by default)
7	Radio SSID	AP_37A26230014	In this text box the user should specify the SSID number which usually comes with the router.
8	Radio Authentication	WPA2 Personal (PSK)	In this dropdown the user should select the type of authentication. (WPA2 Personal (PSK) by default)
9	Radio Encryption	AES	In this dropdown the user should select the type of encryption required. (AES by default)
10	Radio Passphrase	*********	In this text box the user should specify the password. Password will be given with the router which can be changed later.
11	Radio DHCP server IP	192.168.100.1	In this text box the user should specify the IP address of DHCP server. (192.168.100.1 will be default which can be changed accordingly)
12	Radio DHCP start address	100	In this text box the user should specify the start address of the DHCP. (100 value is default)
13	Radio DHCP limit	50	In this text box the user should specify the limit for the DHCP. (50 value is default)

Wireless Schedule:

Wi-Fi can be automatically withdrawn based on the configuration done in this section.

The user can schedule the Wi-Fi’s accessibility time during a particular period.

Note: This section is turned off by default, tick the box to activate it.

After configuring all the required information, the user should click on save and then click on update to update all the required information.

The user can select more than one “day of the week” for scheduling the Wi-Fi working hours.

Loop back IP settings:

The loopback IP address, often referred to as “localhost.” it is used to establish network connections within the same device for testing and troubleshooting purpose.

The loopback IP address, commonly represented as 127.0.0.1, is a special address used for testing network connectivity on a local machine.

It allows a device to send network messages to itself without involving external networks, making it useful for troubleshooting and diagnostics.

However, this IP can be changed as per requirement and to do that, Navigating to Setting>>Network configuration>> Loopback IP settings can be changed/updated.

After configuring all the required information, the user should click on the save and then click on the update to update the all the required information.

SMS Settings:

User needs to enable SMS option in SMS settings page.

This option is to validate the mobile numbers using which controlling commands could be sent to the router device.

1 to 5 mobile numbers can be authenticated by choosing from “Select Valid SMS user numbers” and adding the mobile numbers below respectively.

API key is the pass key used in the commands while sending SMS.

Displayed in the below screen is the default API key which can be edited and changed as per choice. After addition of the mobile number’s user needs to click on save button for changes to take place.

1.) Select valid user number max. 5 and add authorized phone number in the tab where you want to find the alert and click on ‘SMS Response Enable’, ‘save’ and ‘update’ button.

2.) Now send SMS commands from the configured mobile number.

3.) Once the commands are received from the user phone number the board will send acknowledgement as per the commands.

4.) After that it will send the router’s status once it has rebooted and is operational again.

Mentioned below are a few commands which can be sent from the configured mobile number to the router device. Below two commands are One for rebooting the router device and another to get the uptime.

1) {"device”: ["passkey”, “API key"],"command":"reboot","arguments":"hardware"}

2) {"device”: ["passkey ","API key"],"command”: “uptime"}

After configuring all the required information, the user should click on save and then click on update to update all the required information.

2.2 SIM Switch

In this page the user needs to configure the Sim for the given device.

The user needs to select from the drop-down menu on which basis the sim needs to be switched.

Once the user selects on “signal strength” then the parameters related to signal strength will pop up and the user needs to configure the parameters based on the requirement.

Threshold RSRP:

This Needs to be set appropriately. Incorrect setting may cause unnecessary SIM switching. (In General, a BAD RSRP value range is -140 to -115 and FAIR RSRP value range is -115 to -105).

Threshold SINR:

This Needs to be set appropriately. Incorrect setting may cause unnecessary SIM switching. (In General, a BAD SNR value range is -20 to 0 and FAIR SNR value range is 0 to 13)

Once the user selects on “Data Limit” then the parameters related to Data Limit will pop up and the user needs to configure the parameters based on the requirement.

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	SIM Switch Based on	Data Limit	The user needs to select from the drop-down menu on what basis the sim needs to be switched.
2	SIM 1 Data Usage Limit (In MB)	1000	The user needs to set the limit for the data usage for SIM 1.
3	SIM 2 Data Usage Limit (In MB)	1000	The user needs to set the limit for the data usage for SIM 2.
4	Periodicity	Daily	The user needs to set the pattern/frequency to switch the sims.
5	Day Of Month	For Ex: 16	The user needs to set the day for switching the sim.

2.3 Internet

In this page the user needs to configure the internet connection to set the priority from the diverse options. The user should decide what kind of connection it needs to provide to the device like LAN, WAN etc. Once the connections are configured then click on save option and then on update.

If the user needs to edit on the existing configuration, then the user should click on the “EDIT” button.

The specifications details are below.

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	Name	EWAN2	This field displays the name of the WAN connection
2	Priority	1	In this dropdown box the user needs to select the priority.
3	Select Track IP Numbers	2	In this dropdown the user needs to select the track number for the Ips. This specifies the number of IP addresses that will be used for tracking the status of the connection.
4	TrackIP1	8.8.8.8	This is the first IP address used for tracking the connection. `8.8.8.8` is a public DNS server provided by Google.
5	TrackIP2	8.8.4.4	This is the second IP address used for tracking the connection. `8.8.4.4` is another public DNS server provided by Google.
6	Reliability	1	This indicates the reliability threshold for considering the connection as up. A value of `1` typically means that only one successful ping response is needed to deem the connection reliable.
7	Count	1	This specifies the number of consecutive pings sent to the track IP addresses.
8	Up	1	This indicates the number of successful pings required to consider the connection as up.
9	Down	1	This indicates the number of failed pings required to consider the connection as down.

Once the user is done with modification click on the save button to save all the changes and then click on the update button.

2.4 VPN

VPN stands for Virtual Private Network, it establishes a connection between the system and a remote server, which is owned by a VPN provider.

Creating a point-to-point tunnel that encrypts the personal data, masks the IP address, and allows to block the required website to blocks via firewalls on the internet.

Navigate to settings >= VPN, general settings and you will see all VPN options you wish to use.

Refer the below figure.

There are 5 types of setting available under VPN configuration.

General Settings
IPSEC
Open VPN
Wireguard
Zerotier

General Settings:

In this page the user must choose which type of VPN connection is required for the device. The user must select from IPSEC, Open VPN, Wireguard or Zerotier based on its requirement. If required, the user can select all the options. The user needs to click on the save after selecting the option based on its use.

IPSEC:

IPSEC VPN is used to create a VPN connection between local and remote networks.

To use IPSEC VPN, the user should check that both local and remote routers support IPSEC VPN feature.

In this page the user can add/edit/delete the IPSEC VPN connection for the device.

The user needs to click on the update button once the required configuration is completed.

In IPSEC the user needs to click on edit button to edit the configuration of an existing VPN connection.

Click on update once done with configurations.

The tunnel will show established, showing the connection has been made.

Detailed specifications are below:

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	IPSEC	Site to Site VPN	In this dropdown the user should select the IPSEC connection type.
2	IPSEC Role	Client/Server	In this dropdown box the user needs to select the IPSEC role. The device is acting as a client in the VPN setup (in this example).
3	Connection Type	Tunnel	In this dropdown the user needs to select the connection type. The user should select on the connection enable check box.
4	Connection mode	Route/add/start/trap	In this drop down list the user should select the mode for the connection. In this example start is selected which means the VPN connection is initiated automatically.
5	Remote Server IP	********	The IP address of the remote VPN server.
6	Local ID	3.3.3.3	The user needs to set the local id. It is the identification for the local VPN client.
7	No. of local subnets	1	In this dropdown the user needs to select how many subnets will be connected.
8	Local Subnet 1	172.16.31.25/32	In this text box the user needs to put the specific local subnet included in the VPN.
9	Remote id	1.1.1.1	In this text box the user needs to put the id of the remote connection. It is the identification for the remote VPN server.
10	No of remote subnet	1	In this dropdown the user needs to select how many subnets it will be connected remotely.
11	Remote subnet	10.1.1.0/24	In this text box the user needs to put the address of the remote subnet. The specific remote subnet included in the VPN.
12	Key exchange	Ikev1	In this dropdown the user should select the which key exchange version to be selected.
13	Aggressive	Yes/No	In this dropdown the user should select either yes or no.
14	IKE Lifetime (In Seconds)	86400	The lifetime of the IKE phase in seconds (1 day).
15	Lifetime (in seconds)	28800	The lifetime of the IPsec SA (Security Association) in seconds (8 hours).
16	Enable DPD Detection	1 0	Indicates whether Dead Peer Detection is enabled to detect a lost connection. Enable this option as per server-side settings.
17	Time Interval (In Seconds)	60	This option is available only if DPD Detection is enabled. The time interval is the interval for DPD checks.
18	Action	Restart/clear/hold/ trap/start	Restart: Action to take when DPD detects a lost connection (restart the connection). Select as per server-side setting.
19	Authentication Method	PSK	PSK: Pre-shared key is used for authentication. Select this option for authentication as per sever side setting.
20	Multiple Secrets	1/0	Indicates whether multiple PSK secrets are used. Enable only if required.
21	PSK Value	******	Pre-shared key value (masked for security).

Proposal settings Phase I
22	Encryption Algorithm		AES 128 AES 192 AES 256 3DES			AES 256: Encryption algorithm for Phase I. Select as per server-side configuration. Both server and client should have same configuration.
23	Authentication Phase I		SHA1 MD5 SHA 256 SHA 384 SHA 512			SHA 512: Authentication algorithm for Phase I. Select as per server-side configuration. Both server and client should have same configuration.
24	DH Group		MODP768(group1) MODP1024(group2) MODP1536(group5) MODP2048(group14) MODP3072(group15) MODP4096(group16)			MODP2048 (group14): Diffie-Hellman group for key exchange. Select as per server-side configuration. Both server and client should have same configuration.
Proposal settings Phase II
25		Hash Algorithm		AES 128 AES 192 AES 256 3DES	AES 256: Encryption algorithm for Phase II. Select as per server-side configuration. Both server and client should have same configuration.
26		Authentication Phase II		SHA1 MD5 SHA 256 SHA 384 SHA 512	SHA 512: Authentication algorithm for Phase II. Select as per server-side configuration. Both server and client should have same configuration.
27		PFS Group		MODP768(group1) MODP1024(group2) MODP1536(group5) MODP2048(group14) MODP3072(group15) MODP4096(group16)	MODP2048 (group14): Perfect Forward Secrecy group. Select as per server-side configuration. Both server and client should have same configuration.

Click on save and then update the page for changes to reflect.

Open VPN:

In the OpenVPN connection, the home network can function as a server, and the remote device can access the server through the router which acts as an OpenVPN Server gateway.

To use the VPN feature, the user should enable OpenVPN Server on the router, and install and run VPN client software on the remote device.

The user needs to “upload” the respective certificate from a valid path and then click on the “Update.”

Once the OpenVPN connection starts the user will get an option to enable/disable the VPN connection as and when required.

By clicking on the enable/disable button, the user can start/stop the VPN connection.

VPN has been established.

WireGuard:

WireGuard is simple, fast, lean, and modern VPN that utilizes secure and trusted cryptography.

Click on “Edit” to start configurations as needed.

EDIT:

Click on the save button after the required configuration.

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	Wireguard Role	Client/Server	In this dropdown box the user needs to select the wireguard role.
2	Listen Port	51820	The UDP port on which the WireGuard client listens for incoming connections.
3	IP Addresses	10.0.0.1/24	The IP address and subnet mask assigned to the WireGuard client's interface. This address is used within the VPN.
4	Allowed PeerIPs	10.1.1.1	The IP address of the allowed peer(s) that can connect to this WireGuard client. This might need adjustment based on the actual peer IPs used in the network.
5	Endpoint HostIP	10.1.1.1	The IP address of the WireGuard server (the endpoint to which the client connects).
6	Endpoint HostPort	51820	The port on the WireGuard server to which the client connects.
7	PeerPublicKey	*****	The public key of the peer (the server) the client is connecting to. This key is part of the public-private key pair used in WireGuard for encryption and authentication.
8	Enable Preshared key	Yes/No	This option indicates that a pre-shared key (PSK) is used in addition to the public-private key pair for an extra layer of security.
9	Preshared key	*****	The actual pre-shared key value shared between the client and the server. This option appears only if you have enabled preshared key.

Zerotier:

ZeroTier is a tool that lets you create your own private network over the internet.

Go to ZeroTier Central and sign up for a free account. In ZeroTier Central, click on "Create a Network". This will generate a unique 16-digit network ID for your new network.

Go to settings => VPN, in general settings, enable ZeroTier and save.

Copy and paste the unique 16-digit network ID in the edit section.

Click on the save button after the required configuration.

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	NetworkID	Ad2769hfkw2345f4	In this dropdown box the user needs to paste the unique 16-digit network id.
2	Listen Port	9993	Default

2.5 Firewall

A firewall is a layer of security between the network and the Internet. Since a router is the main connection from a network to the Internet, the firewall function is merged into this device. Every network should have a firewall to protect its privacy.

There are 6 types of setting available under firewall.

General Settings
Port forwards
Traffic Rules
SNAT traffic Rules
Parental Control
Zone Forwarding

General Settings:

General settings are subdivided into 2 parts,

1.) General settings

In general settings, the settings that are made are default settings and can be changed according to user’s preference.

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Enable SYN-flood protection	Enabled	This is enabled by default; setting can be changed if required.
2	Disable IPV6	Disabled	This is enabled by default; setting can be changed if required.
3	Drop invalid packets	Disabled	This is enabled by default; setting can be changed if required.
4	TCP SYN Cookies	Disabled	This is enabled by default; setting can be changed if required.
5	Input	Reject/Accept	By default, the setting is ‘Reject’ but this needs to be changed to ‘Accept’ compulsory.
6	Output	Reject/Accept	By default, the setting is ‘Reject’ but this needs to be changed to ‘Accept’ compulsory.
7	Forward	Reject/Accept	By default, the setting is ‘Reject’ but this needs to be changed to ‘Accept’ compulsory.

2.) Zone settings

In zone settings, there’s an option to add “New Zone”, according to user’s requirement.

Port Forwards:

Port forwarding is a feature in a router or gateway that allows external devices to access services on a private network.

It maps an external port on the router to an internal IP address and port on the local network, enabling applications such as gaming servers, web servers, or remote desktop connections to be accessed from outside the network.

This helps in directing incoming traffic to the correct device within a local network based on the port number, enhancing connectivity and accessibility.

EDIT:

Click on the save button after the required configuration.

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	Name	Example: `Web_Server_Forward`	Field must not be empty. Provide a name for the rule to easily identify it.
2	Protocol	Example: `TCP+UDP`	Select the protocol for the rule. Options typically include TCP+UDP, TCP, UDP, ICMP, Custom.
3	Source zone	Example: `SW_LAN`	Select the source zone where the traffic is originating from. Options typically include EWAN2,SW_LAN,CWAN1,CWAN1_0,CWAN1_1,VPN
4	Source MAC address [optional]	Example: `any`	any: Leave as `any` if you don't want to specify a MAC address.
5	Source IP address[optional]	Example: Leave blank if not needed.	Optionally specify an IP address or range.
6	Source port	Example: `80, 443` (if matching traffic for web server ports)	Specify the source port or port range.
7	Destination zone	Example: `SW_LAN`	Select the destination zone where the traffic is heading to.
8	Destination IP address	Leave blank if not needed.	Optionally specify the destination IP address or range.
9	Destination port	Example: `80` (if redirecting to a web server port)	Specify the destination port or port range.

Traffic Rule:

"Traffic rules" refer to the policies and regulations that govern the flow of data packets within a network.

To allow new traffic, click on “Add and Edit” in “New Traffic Rule”.

EDIT:

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	Name	Example: Allow_HTTP_and_HTTPS	Field must not be empty: Provide a descriptive name for the traffic rule.
2	Restrict to Address Family	1. Options: IPv4, IPv6 Example: IPv4 if dealing with typical internet traffic.	Select the address family to generate iptables rules for.
3	Protocol	Example: TCP+UDP	TCP+UDP: Match incoming traffic using the given protocol.
4	Match ICMP Type	Example: any	Match all ICMP types if set to any. Specific types can be chosen if needed.
5	Source Zone	Example: LAN	Specifies the traffic source zone.
6	Enable DDoS Prevention	Example: ‘Checked’ if you want to enable DDoS prevention measures	Enable or disable Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) prevention.
7	Source MAC Address	Example: any	any: Match traffic from any MAC address or specify a particular MAC address.
8	Source Address	Example: 192.168.1.0/24	Match incoming traffic from the specified source IP address or range.
9	Source Port	Example: any if all source ports should be matched	any: Match incoming traffic from the specified source port or port range.
10	Destination Zone	Example: WAN	Specifies the traffic destination zone.
11	Action	Example: ACCEPT	Options: ACCEPT, DROP, REJECT. Specify the action to take for matched traffic.
12	Limit	Example: 10/minute to limit matches to 10 times per minute.	Maximum average matching rate; specified as a number, with an optional /second, /minute, /hour, or /day suffix.
13	Extra arguments	Example: --log-prefix "Blocked: " to add a log prefix to log messages for this rule.	Passes additional arguments to iptables. Use with care as it can significantly alter rule behaviour.

Click on save once configured.

SNAT Traffic Rule:

For configuring SNAT (Source Network Address Translation) traffic rules, you can control how outbound traffic from your local network is translated to a different IP address as it exits the network.

To add new source NAT,

Click on “ADD” in “New Source NAT:”

EDIT:

Specification details are below:

SN	Field name	Sample value	Description
1	Name	Example: SNAT_WAN_to_LAN	Field must not be empty: Provide a unique and descriptive name for the SNAT rule.
2	Protocol	Example: TCP+UDP	TCP+UDP: Select the protocols that the SNAT rule will apply to.
3	Source Zone	Example: wan	wan: Specifies the source zone from which the traffic originates.
4	Source IP Address	Example: any or a specific range like 192.168.1.0/24	-- please choose --: Specify the source IP address or range. Leave empty if the rule applies to any source IP.

5	Source Port	Example: any	any: Specify the source port or port range from which the traffic originates.
6	Destination Zone	Example: lan	lan: Specifies the destination zone to which the traffic is directed.
7	Destination IP Address	Example: any or a specific IP like 192.168.1.100	-- please choose --: Specify the destination IP address or range. Leave empty if the rule applies to any destination IP.
8	Destination port	Example: any	any: Specify the destination port or port range to which the traffic is directed.
9	SNAT IP Address	Example: 203.0.113.5 (an external IP address)	-- please choose --: Specify the IP address to which the source IP should be translated.
10	SNAT Port	Example: Leave empty if not needed, or specify a port like ‘12345’	Optionally, rewrite matched traffic to a specific source port. Leave empty to only rewrite the IP address.
11	Extra Arguments	Example: --log-prefix "SNAT_traffic: " (to add a log prefix to log messages for this rule)	Pass additional arguments to iptables. Use with care as it can significantly alter rule behaviour.

Click on save once configured.

Parental Control:

For configuring parental control rules, you want to set restrictions based on time, source, and

destination zones, as well as specific devices.

To add parental control in firewall,

Click on “Add and Edit” in “New parental control:” field.

EDIT:

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Name	Example: Parental_Control_Sunday	Field must not be empty: Provide a unique and descriptive name for the parental control rule.
2	Proto	all	all: This specifies that the rule will apply to all protocols.
3	Source Zone	Example: lan	Field must not be empty: Please look at Firewall->Zone Settings to find zone names.
4	Destination Zone	Example: wan	Field must not be empty: Please look at Firewall->Zone Settings to find zone names.
5	Source MAC Address	Example: 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E	Field: Enter the MAC address of the device you want to apply the parental control rule to. This is useful for restricting specific devices.
6	Target	Example: Reject	Accept: This specifies the action to take. For parental controls, you might want to use ‘Reject’ or ‘Drop’ to block traffic.
7	Weekdays	Example: Sunday	Sunday: Specify the days of the week when the rule should be active.
8	Month Days	Example: All	All: Specify the days of the month when the rule should be active.
9	Start Time (hh:mm:ss)	Example: 18:00:00 (6:00 PM)	Field must not be empty: Specify the start time when the rule should begin to apply.
10	Stop Time (hh:mm:ss)	Example: 22:00:00 (10:00 PM)	Field must not be empty: Specify the stop time when the rule should end.

Zone Forwarding:

Zone forwarding in network configuration allows traffic to be directed from one zone to another.

To ADD new zone,

Click on “Add” in “New Zone Forward:” field.

EDIT:

Specification details are below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Source Zone	Example options: lan, wan, etc.	--please choose--: Select the source zone from which the traffic originates.
2	Destination Zone	Example options: lan, wan, etc.	--please choose--: Select the destination zone to which the traffic is directed.

2.6 Loopback Rule

In this page the user can configure the port where he wants to forward the traffic to. Here the user can add/edit/delete different ports as per the requirement.

The user should click on ‘add’ and then ‘edit’ to do the required changes in the port and enter the valid information in each section to configure the port for forwarding.

EDIT:

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Name	Example: loopback	Provide a descriptive name for the rule.
2	Protocol	Example: TCP+UDP	TCP+UDP: Select the protocols that the rule will apply to.
3	Source IP Address [Optional]	Example: any or a specific IP range like 192.168.1.0/24	Optionally specify the source IP address or range. Leave empty if the rule should apply to any source IP.
4	Source Port [Optional]	Example: any	any: Specify the source port or port range from which the traffic originates. any allows traffic from all ports.
5	Loopback IP Address	Example: 127.0.0.1	Specify the loopback IP address. Typically, this is 127.0.0.1.
6	Port	Example: any	any: Specify the destination port or port range to which the traffic is directed. any allows traffic to all ports.
7	Action	Example: DNAT	This specifies the action to take either DNAT or SNAT.
8	Internal IP Address	Example: 192.168.1.100	Field must not be empty: Specify the internal IP address to which the traffic should be redirected.
9	Internal Port	Example: any	Redirect matched incoming traffic to the given port on the internal host.

Once the user is done with the required configurations, should click save button and then click on the update to save the changes.

2.7 Remote Monitoring

In this page the user can select which equipment needs to be monitored remotely.

Once the user selects the type of RMS click on save.

NMS:

IN this page the user should type the server IP or domain name in the URL then click on save.

Click on upload and start (Once key is uploaded and this option is clicked, NMS automatically starts, and this router device gets registered with the NMS server provided).

TR_069:

To enable the TR_069 the user needs to click on the enable check box.

Once the user clicks on the check box of enable it will display all the required filed to configured.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Serving Interval	300	A value of 300 seconds means the device will check in with the ACS (auto-configuration servers) every 5 minutes.
2	Interface	This can be something like eth0 or wan.	This specifies the network interface used for TR-069 communication.
3	Username	Example: User	The username used to authenticate with the ACS.
4	Password	••••	The password used to authenticate with the ACS.
5	URL	http://example.com	The URL of the ACS. This is where the CPE (customer-premises equipment) will send its requests and where it will receive configurations and updates from.

The user should fill all the required fields and click on the save button.

2.8 Tunnel

Tunnels are a method of transporting data across a network using protocols which are not supported by that network.

It is further categorised into 3 sections,

1.) General Settings

2.) GRE Tunnel

3.) IPIP Tunnel

General Settings:

In this page the user needs to select under which type of tunnel it needs to send the data.

Once the user selects the type of tunnel then click on the save button.

GRE Tunnel:

A GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) tunnel configuration involves setting up a virtual point-to-point connection between two endpoints over an IP network.

Here the user can add/edit/delete the details of the tunnel.

Once the required update is done then click on update to save the changes.

EDIT:

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Tunnel name	Example: GRETunnel	GRETunnel: The name of the GRE tunnel.
2	Local external IP	Example: 10.1.1.66	The IP address of the local endpoint that will initiate the GRE tunnel.
3	Remote external IP	Example: 10.1.1.40	The IP address of the remote endpoint that will terminate the GRE tunnel.
4	Peer tunnel IP	Example: 10.1.1.4	The IP address of the peer's tunnel interface.
5	Local tunnel IP	Example: 10.1.1.6	The IP address of the local tunnel interface.
6	Local tunnel net mask	Example: 255.255.255.0	The subnet mask of the local tunnel interface.
7	Remote IP	Example: 192.168.10.0/24	The remote network that is reachable through the GRE tunnel.
8	Enable Tunnel Link	Check to enable	Enable or disable the GRE tunnel link.
9	Interface type	Example: EWAN2	EWAN2: The type of network interface used for the GRE tunnel.
10	MTU	Example: 1476	1476: Maximum Transmission Unit size for the GRE tunnel.
11	TTL	Example: 64	64: Time To Live value for the packets within the GRE tunnel.
12	Tunnel key	Example: 12345678	12345678: A unique key used to identify the GRE tunnel.
13	Enable keep alive	Check to enable	Enable or disable the keep-alive feature to monitor the tunnel's status.
14	Keep alive interval	Example: 10	10: Interval in seconds for the keep-alive packets.

Once the required update is done then click on update to save the changes.

IPIP Tunnel:

An IPIP (IP-in-IP) tunnel is a simple tunnelling protocol used to encapsulate IP packets within IP packets. This is like GRE but without additional features such as keying and type fields.

Here the user can add/edit/delete the details of the tunnel.

EDIT:

Once the required update is done then click on update to save the changes.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Tunnel name	Example: IPIPTunnel	IPIPTunnel: The name of the IPIP tunnel.
2	Local external IP	Example: 10.1.1.66	The IP address of the local endpoint that will initiate the IPIP tunnel.
3	Remote external IP	Example: 10.1.1.40	The IP address of the remote endpoint that will terminate the IPIP tunnel.
4	Peer tunnel IP	Example: 10.1.1.4	The IP address of the peer's tunnel interface.
5	Local tunnel IP	Example: 10.1.1.6	The IP address of the local tunnel interface.
6	Local tunnel net mask	Example: 255.255.255.0	The subnet mask of the local tunnel interface.
7	Remote IP	Example: 192.168.10.0/24	The remote network that is reachable through the IPIP tunnel.
8	Enable Tunnel Link	Check to enable	Enable or disable the IPIP tunnel link.
9	Interface type	Example: EWAN2	EWAN2: The type of network interface used for the IPIP tunnel.
10	MTU	Example: 1476	1476: Maximum Transmission Unit size for the IPIP tunnel.
11	TTL	Example: 64	64: Time To Live value for the packets within the IPIP tunnel.
12	Tunnel key	Example: 12345678	Although typically not used in IPIP, this field might be included for compatibility with certain configurations.
13	Enable keep alive	Check to enable	Enable or disable the keep-alive feature to monitor the tunnel's status.
14	Keep alive interval	Example: 10	10: Interval in seconds for the keep-alive packets.

3.Maintenance

In this module the user can configure/upgrade/modify the settings related to system, password,

firmware and monitoring.

It includes 6 submodules.

General
Password
Reboot
Import and Export config
Firmware upgrade
Monitor Application

3.1 General

Here you can configure the basic aspects of router like its hostname or the timezone.

It is further sub-divided into,

1.) General Settings

2.) Logging

3.) Language and Style

General Settings:

EDIT:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Local Time	2024/07/30 13:25:47	The current local date and time set on the device.
2	Hostname	22B25240007	The hostname of the device, which is used to identify it on the network.
3	Timezone	Asia/Kolkata	The timezone setting of the device, which determines the local time.

Once the user configures the required details then click on the save button to save all the details.

Logging:

Here the user can configure the basic aspects of your device related to system.

The system log configuration provided specifies how the device handles and stores log information, including buffer size, external log server details, and log verbosity levels.

EDIT:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	System log buffer size	Example: 32 kiB	The size of the memory buffer allocated (0-32) for storing system logs before they are either written to a file or sent to an external server.
2	External system log server	Example: 0.0.0.0	The IP address of an external server where logs can be sent.
3	External system log server port	Example: 514	The port used to send logs to the external log server. Port 514 is the default port for syslog.
4	Log output level	Example: Debug	Sets the detail level of the system logs.
5	Cron Log level	Example: Debug	The detail level of the logs for cron jobs.

Once the user configures the required details then click on the save button to save all the details.

Language and Style:

Here the user can configure the basic aspects of your device related to language.

Once the user configures the required details then click on the save button to save all the details.

3.2 Password

In this module the user can set the password for the admin credentials.

Specifies the password for the guest account. If the user enters a plaintext password here, it will get replaced with a crypted password on save. The new password will be effective once the user logs out and log in again.

3.3 Reboot

In this module the user can reboot the device remotely.

First option is to directly reboot the device without enabling the maintenance reboot tab.

Click on “Reboot Now” at the bottom of the screen to start the reboot process.

To start maintenance reboot process first the user needs to fill all the required fields.

Need to select the type of reboot for the device whether it needs to be Hardware or Software reboot.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Enable Maintenance Reboot	Enable/Disable	Indicates whether the maintenance reboot feature is enabled or not.
2	Type	Maintenance Reboot	Specifies the type of reboot being scheduled.
3	Reboot Type	Software/Hardware	Hardware: A hardware reboot involves restarting the entire device as if it were powered off and on again. Software: A software reboot involves restarting the operating system without powering off the hardware.
4	Minutes	Example: 59	The minute at which the reboot should occur (0-59).
5	Hours	Example: 22 (10 PM)	The hour at which the reboot should occur (0-23, in 24-hour format).
6	Day Of Month	Example: All	Specifies which days of the month the reboot should occur (1-31). "All" means it will occur every day.
7	Month	Example: All	Specifies which months the reboot should occur (1-12). "All" means it will occur every month.
8	Day Of Week	Example: All	Specifies which days of the week the reboot should occur (0-6, where 0 is Sunday). "All" means it will occur every day of the week.

Once the user fills all the required given parameters click on the save.

3.4 Import and Export

In this section, User can Import & Export Configuration files of the Device.

Click “Export Config” to export device configuration & settings to a text file,

Click “Import Config” to import device configuration & settings from a previously exported text file.

The user needs to select on the “choose file”, upload the required file and click on apply.

3.5 Firmware Upgrade

The user can upgrade with the latest software for the existing firmware.

Click on the flash image and chose the path where the sys-upgrade file is kept and then click on flash image, it will upgrade to the latest software once the reboot is done.

This option will completely reset the device to default settings.

Click on the Retain Config and flash and chose the path where the sys-upgrade file is kept and then click on Retain Config and flash, it will upgrade to the latest software once the reboot is done.

This refers to updating the firmware (flashing) of a device while preserving the current configuration settings.

Click on the Factory Reset for the complete retest of the device.

3.6 Monitor Application

In this section, the monitor application is divided into major 2 configurations which is further sub-divided into 4 editable options,

1.) Modem Monitor Application Configuration:

2.) Router Monitor Application Configuration:

Modem Monitor Application Configuration:

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Enable Ping Check Application	Enable/Disable	Turns on the functionality to perform ping checks on specified IP addresses.
2	Time Interval for Check (In minutes)	Example: 10 minutes	Frequency at which the ping checks are performed.
3	Select No of IP addresses to ping	Example: 1	Number of IP addresses that will be pinged.
4	IP Address 1	Example: 8.8.8.8	The IP address to ping.
5	No. of Retries	Example: 5	Number of times to retry pinging an IP address if the initial ping fails.
6	Failure Criteria in (%)	Example: 80% (If 4 out of 5 pings fail, it’s considered a failure)	Percentage of failed pings required to consider the ping check a failure.
7	Action On Failure	Example: Restart Modem	Action to be taken if the ping check fails according to the criteria.
8	Enable Second Level Action	Enable/Disable	Option to enable a secondary action if the primary action fails multiple times.
9	Second Level Action Threshold	Example: 2	Number of failures required to trigger the secondary action.
10	Second Level Action	Example: Restart Board (Reboots the entire hardware board)	The action to be taken if the second level action threshold is met.

Save the details once made necessary changes.

Router Monitor Application Configuration:

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Enable Ping Check Application	Enable/Disable	Activates the ping check functionality to monitor router performance.
2	Time Interval for Check (In minutes)	Example: 10 minutes	How frequently the ping checks are performed.
3	Select No of IP Addresses to Ping	Example: 1 (Please select the appropriate number based on your requirements)	Choose the number of IP addresses to ping. This typically involves selecting from a list or entering multiple addresses.
4	No. of Retries	Example: 3	Number of retries if a ping fails.
5	Failure Criteria in (%)	Example: 80% (If 80% of the pings fail, it’s deemed a failure)	Percentage of failed pings required to consider the ping check as failed.
6	Action On Failure	Example: Restart IPsec	The action taken if the ping check fails according to the criteria.
7	Enable Second Level Action	Enable/Disable	Option to enable an additional action if the primary action fails.
8	Second Level Action Threshold	Example: Specify the number of failures, such as 2	Number of times the primary action must fail before the secondary action is triggered.
9	Second Level Action	Example: Restart Board	The action to be taken if the second level action threshold is met.

Save the details once made necessary changes.

4.Status

In this module the user can view the status of the router device with respect to the network, Wan, modem etc.

It has 4 submodules.

Interfaces
Internet
Modem
Routes

4.1 Interfaces

Each network device (interface) is associated with specific traffic statistics, uptime, and status. Active interfaces are operational, while inactive interfaces are not currently transmitting data.

Looking on the network status the user can check if the cellular, wifi, ewan, vpn etc is up.

4.2 Internet

In this submodule the user can view the status of the internet connections.

To see the latest status of the internet connection the user needs to click on the refresh button.

4.3 Modem

This modem status page provides comprehensive information about the cellular connection's network operator, technology, mode, and various signal quality metrics.

4.4 Routes

This configuration shows how the router directs traffic between different networks and interfaces, ensuring proper communication within the local network and to external networks via the default gateway.

ARP Table: Maps IP addresses to MAC addresses for devices on the network, helping in identifying which device is on which interface.

IPv4 Routes: This shows which network is directly connected on which interface.

Example: Network 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected on interface eth0.1.

IPv6 Routes: Similar routes as IPv4, but this time listed under IPv6 routing rules.

Example: Local networks 192.168.10.0/24 and 192.168.100.0/24 are managed through eth0.1 and ra0, respectively.

5. Features

In this module the user can see all the features that the router device has.

This module includes 7 features.

Mac Address Binding
URL Filtering
Web Server
Wi-Fi MacID Filtering
Routing
Others
Connection Diagnostics

5.1 Mac Address Binding

MAC address binding is a configuration that binds a specific MAC address to a specific IP address. This ensures that a particular device on the network always receives the same IP address from the DHCP server, which can be useful for network management, security, and ensuring consistent network behaviour.

Under this submodule the user can configure/update/edit the IP Address for MAC.

You can edit the pre-existing configuration, or you can ‘Add’ in the ‘New MAC ADDRESS’ field.

EDIT:

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Device Name	Macbinding1	A user-defined name for the binding configuration.
2	MAC Address	48:9e:bd:da:45:91	The unique identifier for the network interface of the device to which the IP address will be bound.
3	IP Address	192.168.10.55	The IP address that will be consistently assigned to the device with the specified MAC address.

By applying this configuration, the DHCP server will always assign the IP address 192.168.10.55 to the device with the MAC address 48:9e:bd:da:45:91, ensuring consistency and stability in network addressing for that device.

Once the user modifies the MAC address /IP Address then click on the save button to save the changes done.
The user can click on the deleted button to delete an existing configured device.

Post all the changes the user needs to click on the update to reflect all the changes in the application.

5.2 URL Filtering

In this submodule the user should provide the URL which needs to be blocked for the device. By implementing URL filtering with the specified URL, you can control and restrict access to certain websites, thereby improving network security and managing user access.

To add the new URL for blocking, click on the Add New button.

Once the user clicks on the Add New button a new pop will appear in that page write the URL and click on the save.

The user can select the status of that URL while defining the URL.

To edit / delete the existing URL the user needs to click on the edit /deleted button respectively.

Click on “save” after the changes are done as per the need.

5.3 Web Server

This configuration will allow your device to serve web traffic securely over HTTPS, keep its system time synchronized, and ensure that all HTTP traffic is redirected to HTTPS for better security.

EDIT:

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Enable HTTP	HTTP Port: 80 Enable or disable the HTTP server.	Port 80 is the default port for HTTP traffic. It is used to serve web pages over an unencrypted connection.
2	Enable HTTPS	HTTPS Port: 443 Enable or disable the HTTPS server.	Port 443 is the default port for HTTPS traffic. It is used to serve web pages over an encrypted connection.
3	Redirect HTTPS	Option to redirect HTTP traffic to HTTPS.	When enabled, all HTTP requests will be automatically redirected to the HTTPS port to ensure secure communication.
4	Enable NTP Sync	Enable or disable NTP synchronization.	Synchronizes the device’s system clock with an external NTP server to maintain accurate time.
5	NTP Server	0.openwrt.pool.ntp.org	The address of the NTP server used for time synchronization. The openwrt.pool.ntp.org server is a public NTP server pool.
6	NTP Sync Interval (In Minutes)	15	The interval at which the device will sync its clock with the NTP server, set to every 15 minutes in this case.

Click on save once changes are made.

5.4 Wi-Fi MacID Filtering

Wireless MAC ID Filtering allows you to control which devices can connect to your wireless network based on their MAC (Media Access Control) addresses. This can help enhance security by allowing only specified devices to access the network.

It is further divided into 2 categories,

WIFI 2.4G AP

WIFI 2.4G AP Guest

Before adding the MacIDs the user needs to select the mode from the dropdown menu.

In ‘Change Mode’ select one option,

Blacklist

In blacklist mode, you specify which MAC addresses are not allowed to connect to the wireless network. Devices not on the blacklist will be able to connect.

Whitelist

In whitelist mode, you specify which MAC addresses are allowed to connect to the wireless network. Devices not on the whitelist will be blocked.

To Add the MacID the user needs to click on Add New option.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Status	Enable/Disable	Enable or disable the MAC ID filtering.
2	MAC ID	Example: e8:6f:38:1a:f2:61	The MAC address of the device to be whitelisted or blocklisted.
3	Network Name	Example: WIFI 2.4G AP or Wi-Fi 2.4G AP Guest.	The network to apply the MAC ID filtering.

Once the required MAC ID and Network Name is configured the user needs to click on the save button to add the details.

The user needs to click on the edit button to do modifications on the pre-existing configuration.

Once the required MACID / Network Name is modified the user needs to click on the save button to reflect the changed value in the application.

5.5 Routing

In this submodule the user can configure the parameters related to routing of the device like Target address, Networks address etc. Routing configurations allow network packets to be directed between different subnets and networks.

It is further divided into 2 sections,

Static IPV4 Routes

Advanced Static IPV4 Routes

Static IPV4 Routes:

Click on ‘Add’ to add a new interface.

EDIT:

To edit the existing device the user needs to click on the edit option.

Once the changes are done click on the save button to save all the changes.

Click on the deleted button to delete the existing device detail.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Interface	Ex: eth0.1	The network interface to be used for this route. Select the one to use from dropdown.
2	Target	Ex: 192.168.20.0	The destination subnet to which traffic should be routed.
3	IPv4 Netmask	255.255.255.0	The subnet mask for the target network.
4	Metric	0	The priority of the route. Lower values indicate higher priority.
5	IPv4 Gateway	Ex: 192.168.10.1	The gateway IP address to be used for routing traffic to the target subnet.
6	Route Type	Unicast	Standard route for individual destination IP addresses. Custom changes can be made.

Click on save once configuration changes have been made.

Advanced Static IPV4 Routes:

Click on ‘Add’ to add a new interface.

EDIT:

To edit the existing device the user needs to click on the edit option.

Once the changes are done click on the save button to save all the changes.

Click on the deleted button to delete the existing device detail.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Interface	Ex: ra0	The network interface through which the traffic will be routed. Select as per requirement.
2	To	Ex: 192.168.10.1	This is the target address to which the traffic is being directed. In this case, all traffic destined for 192.168.10.1 will follow this route.
3	IPv4 Netmask	255.255.255.192	This defines the subnet of the destination address.
4	Table	1.) Local 2.) Main 3.) Default 4.) 220 5.) custom	1.) This table contains local routes for the addresses assigned to the local interfaces. It's typically used for host and broadcast addresses. 2.) The primary routing table used by the system. 3.) A fallback table used when no other table is specified. 4.) Often used for policy-based routing. 5.) A user-defined routing table.
5	From	Ex: 192.168.100.1	This source address restricts the route to traffic originating from 192.168.100.1. Traffic from other sources won't use this route.
6	Priority	20	The priority value determines the preference of this route. A lower number means higher priority; 20 is relatively high, so this route will be preferred over routes with higher priority values.

Once all the configurations are done click on the update button to reflect the changes made.

5.6 Others

In this page the user will get to do all the other miscellaneous configuration with respect to the device based on the required parameters. Each utility serves a specific purpose, providing various functionalities for managing and troubleshooting network configurations and statuses.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Set Date	Date and time fields (day, month, year, hour, minute, second)	Sets the system date and time to the specified values.
2	Get Date	System	Retrieves and displays the current system date and time.
3	ipsec status all	Command ‘Get’	Displays the status of all IPsec connections.
4	Wi-Fi Scan	Command ‘Get’	Initiates a scan for available Wi-Fi networks.
5	iPerf3 Client	IP address (e.g., 192.168.10.100)	Runs an iPerf3 client to measure network performance.
6	iPerf3 Server	Command ‘Run’	Runs an iPerf3 server to measure network performance.
7	Ping	IP address or domain (e.g., 8.8.8.8)	Sends ICMP echo requests to the specified address to check connectivity.
8	traceroute	IP address or domain (e.g., 8.8.8.8)	Traces the route packets take to reach the specified address.
9	NTP Sync	Command ‘Sync’	Synchronizes the system time with the configured NTP server.
10	Download Files	File or database identifier	Initiates a download of the specified file or database.
11	Restart Power	Command ‘Restart’	Restarts the power of the device.
12	Restart Modem	Command ‘Restart’	Restarts the modem.
13	Run AT Command	Enter AT command	Executes the specified AT command on the modem.
14	Show Board Configuration	Command ‘Show’	Displays the current board configuration.
15	Show VPN Certificate Name	Command ‘Show’	Displays the name of the VPN certificate in use.
16	Switch SIM to Secondary (Takes >2 mins)	Command ‘Run’	Switches the active SIM to the secondary SIM card.
17	Send test SMS	Phone number (e.g., +911234567890) message text (e.g., "Hello how are you?")	Sends a test SMS to the specified phone number.
18	ReadlatestSMS	Command ‘Read’	Reads the most recent SMS received by the device.
19	Data Usage	From: Start date (YYYY-MM-DD) To: End date (YYYY-MM-DD)	Displays data usage statistics for the specified date range.
20	Monthly Data Usage	Month: Month (e.g., 07) Year: Year (e.g., 2024)	Displays data usage statistics for the specified month and year.

21	Modem Debug Info	Command ‘Read’	Displays debug information for the modem.
22	Scan Network operators (Takes >3 mins)	Command ‘Scan’	Initiates a scan for available network operators.
23	Network operator list (First Perform Scan Network Operators)	Command ‘Show’	Displays the list of network operators detected in the previous scan.
24	ReadLogFiles	Log file identifier	Reads and displays the specified log file
25	Enable ssh (Admin)	Command ‘Run’	Enables SSH access for the admin user.
26	Disable ssh (Admin)	Command ‘Run’	Disables SSH access for the admin user.
27	ClearSIM1Data	Command ‘Clear’	Clears data usage statistics for SIM1.
28	ClearSIM2Data	Command ‘Clear’	Clears data usage statistics for SIM2.
29	Create Bridge with SW_LAN	Network interface identifier	Creates a network bridge with the specified interface and SW_LAN.
30	Show Bridge	Command ‘Show’	Displays information about the current network bridges.
31	Delete Bridge	Command ‘Delete’	Deletes the specified network bridge.
32	Output	Any value	Displays output for all the above actions.

5.7 Connection Diagnostics

This can ensure that your connection diagnostics application effectively monitors and reports the status of your network connections, providing valuable data for troubleshooting and performance optimization.

This Application works in 3 parts,

1.) General settings

2.) Connection status and management

3.) Application Start/Stop

General settings:

First make configuration changes in this section and save.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Enable Connection Diagnostics	Enable/Disable	This option enables or disables the connection diagnostics functionality.
2	Check Interval (in seconds)	Value: 120	Specifies how often (in seconds) the diagnostics checks are performed. In this case, every 120 seconds. (min 60 secs)
3	Number of Pings	Value: 5	Determines ping requests sent during each check.
4	Ping Packet Size (in Bytes)	Value: 56	Defines the size of each ping packet in bytes.
5	Send to remote MQTT Broker	Enable/Disable	This option enables the sending of diagnostic data to a remote MQTT broker.
6	Publish Data Format	CSV / JSON	Specifies the format in which the diagnostic data will be published to the MQTT broker. You can choose either CSV (Comma-Separated Values) or JSON (JavaScript Object Notation).
7	MQTT Broker url	Value: broker.hivemq.com	The URL of the MQTT broker where the diagnostic data will be sent.
8	TCP port	Value: 1883	The TCP port used to connect to the MQTT broker. Port 1883 is the default port for MQTT.
9	Topic	Value: 37A26230014/connectionDiagnostics	The MQTT topic under which the diagnostic data will be published. This topic is used to categorize and identify the data.

Connection status and management:

To setup a connection,

Click on ‘Add new target’

Enter Target IP (Ex: 8.8.8.8)

Click ‘Add’

Target has been added successfully.

Application Start/Stop:

To check whether the target Ip is sending and receiving packets, you need to start the application to see the desired output.

As shown above, our target Ip is sending packets successfully.

You can Add as many target IP’s you need to monitor.

You can leave the application on for monitoring else ‘Stop’ the application.

6.Configuration

These are gateway features that can be configured as per requirements.

It is divided into 9 sections,

1.) Source Configuration

2.) Send Configuration

3.) Port Configuration

4.) Cloud Configuration

5.) Modbus Configuration

6.1 Source Configuration

These configurations ensure that the system regularly acquires data from various interfaces (RS485, RS232, DIO, and AI) at specified intervals, allowing for efficient monitoring and management of connected devices and sensors.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Enable RS485Line1	Enable/Disable	This option enables the RS485 Line 1 interface for energy meter readings.
2	Overall Periodicity of RS485 Line 1 Energy meter Readings (In Seconds >= 60)	Value: 60	Defines the interval in seconds at which readings are taken from the RS485 Line 1 energy meter. The minimum allowable interval is 60 seconds.
3	Delay between each Energy meter Readings (in Milliseconds)	Value: 2000	Specifies the delay in milliseconds between individual readings from the energy meter on RS485 Line 1.

Click on save once changes have been made.

6.2 Send Configuration

Send configuration allows to choose type of string that should be sent to a cloud platform.

SILBO devices do offer 3 different options as shown below.

CSV (CSV allows fixed CSV)

Fixed JSON

Editable JSON. (JSON option is the editable JSON option)

Data sender Configuration is divided into major 2 parts,

JSON

CSV

JSON is further divided into 1 category,

Modbus Sender:

Select the field input you wish to add from the ‘Field Content tab’.

Give a desired JSON Key Name you wish to publish in the ‘Field JSON Key Name’ tab.

Once configured, click on Add.

JSON option allows editable JSON in which we can change which parameters should be sent and what name we should use to the tag.

What changes we can do in JSON edit to the above list.

Let’s change slave_id to some other name as “Slave number”.

Even custom fields can be added, for example if location name should be sent by router/gateway in JSON packet then it can be configured as shown.

CSV:

This option sends data packets in CSV (Comma-Separated Values) format.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Device ID	IAB44	A unique identifier for the device.
2	Record Start Mark	[	This character marks the beginning of a data record. It's used to indicate where a new data record starts in the transmitted packet.
3	Record End Mark	]	This character marks the end of a data record. It signals the end of the data for one record before a new one starts.
4	Register Start Mark	<	This character marks the beginning of a register within a data record. A register typically represents an individual data field within the record.
5	Register End Mark	>	This character marks the end of a register within a data record. It indicates where the data for a particular field end.
6	Invalid Data Character	N	Used to indicate that the data for a particular register is invalid or could not be collected. This helps in identifying which data points are not usable.
7	Failure Data Character	NA	Used to indicate that there was a failure in collecting or processing the data for a particular register. It signifies that an error occurred, and the data point could not be obtained.

Click on save once changes are made.

6.3 Port Configuration

Serial port configuration involves setting parameters for serial communication, allowing data exchange between devices via serial ports.

Port Configuration is divided into 4 port mode,

Transparent Serial to Remote TCP Client

Transparent Serial to Remote TCP Server

Modbus TCP Master to Modbus RTU Slave

Modbus RTU Master to Modbus TCP Slave

Transparent Serial to Remote TCP Client:

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Port Mode	Transparent Serial to Remote TCP Client	Configures the serial port to send data directly to a remote TCP client without any additional protocol layers, making it "transparent."
2	Transparent Serial Port Mode	1.) raw 2.) rawlp 3.) telnet 4.) off	1.) It's a straightforward data transfer where the serial data is sent as-is. 2.) "Rawlp" stands for "raw with local processing". Typically, it involves some minimal local processing before transmission. 3.) This allows the serial connection to be accessed and managed over a Telnet session. 4.) The "off" mode disables the transparent serial port functionality.
3	Time Out	no time out	Ensures that the serial port does not time out, meaning it will continuously wait for data without closing the connection due to inactivity.
4	Local Listener TCP Port	3040	Sets the TCP port number to 3040 for the local listener to accept incoming TCP connections.
5	Baud Rate	9600	This is a common baud rate for serial communication, balancing speed and reliability.
6	No Of Stopbits	1	Configures the serial communication to use 1 stop bit, which is a common setting ensuring the end of each byte is clearly marked.
7	No Of Databits	8	Sets the number of bits in each transmitted byte to 8.
8	Parity	1.) None 2.) Even 3.) Odd 4.) Space 5.) Mark	1.) No parity bit is added to the data byte. 2.) Ensures that the total number of 1-bits in the data byte plus the parity bit is even. 3.) Ensures that the total number of 1-bits in the data byte plus the parity bit is odd. 4.) The parity bit is always set to 0, regardless of the data. 5.) The parity bit is always set to 1, regardless of the data.
9	Flow Control	1.) RTSCTS 2.) NONE 3.) DTRDSR 4.) XONXOFF	1.) Request to Send / Clear to Send 2.) No flow control is used. 3.) Data Terminal Ready / Data Set Ready 4.) Software flow control using specific control characters (XON and XOFF) to manage data flow.
10	Read Trace	Enable/Disable	Enables logging of data being read from the serial port.
11	Write Trace	Enable/Disable	Enables logging of data being written to the serial port.

Click on save once configuration changes are made.

Transparent Serial to Remote TCP Server:

Configures the port to act as a bridge, converting serial data into TCP packets sent to a remote TCP server.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Port Mode	Transparent Serial to Remote TCP Server	Defines how the serial port will operate in relation to the remote server.
2	Remote Server IP	Ex: 192.168.10.1	Field must not be empty: This is a required field, and you must provide a valid IP address for proper communication.
3	Remote Server Port	Ex: 1883	Field must not be empty: This is a required field, and you must specify the correct port number used by the server.
4	Transparent Serial Port Mode	1.) raw 2.) rawlp 3.) telnet 4.) off	1.) It's a straightforward data transfer where the serial data is sent as-is. 2.) "Rawlp" stands for "raw with local processing". Typically, it involves some minimal local processing before transmission. 3.) This allows the serial connection to be accessed and managed over a Telnet session. 4.) The "off" mode disables the transparent serial port functionality.
5	Time Out	no time out	Ensures that the serial port does not time out, meaning it will continuously wait for data without closing the connection due to inactivity.
6	Local Listener Interface IP Address		Field must not be empty: This is a required field for specifying which local IP address will be used for listening.
7	Local Listener TCP Port	3040	The TCP port number on the local device that will be used to listen for incoming data.

8	Baud Rate	9600	Standard baud rate, common for many serial devices.
9	No Of Stopbits	1	Indicates that one stop bit is used, which is standard for most serial communications.
10	No Of Databits	8	Indicates that 8 data bits are used per byte, which is a common setting.
11	Parity	1.) None 2.) Even 3.) Odd 4.) Space 5.) Mark	1.) No parity bit is added to the data byte. 2.) Ensures that the total number of 1-bits in the data byte plus the parity bit is even. 3.) Ensures that the total number of 1-bits in the data byte plus the parity bit is odd. 4.) The parity bit is always set to 0, regardless of the data. 5.) The parity bit is always set to 1, regardless of the data.
12	Flow Control	1.) RTSCTS 2.) NONE 3.) DTRDSR 4.) XONXOFF	1.) Request to Send / Clear to Send 2.) No flow control is used. 3.) Data Terminal Ready / Data Set Ready 4.) Software flow control using specific control characters (XON and XOFF) to manage data flow.
13	Read Trace	Enable/Disable	Option to enable tracing of incoming data from the serial port, useful for debugging.
14	Write Trace	Enable/Disable	Option to enable tracing of outgoing data from the serial port, useful for debugging.

Click on save once configuration changes are made.

Modbus TCP Master to Modbus RTU Slave:

Configures the serial port to function as a Modbus TCP Master that communicates with a Modbus RTU Slave over the serial connection.

This setup is used to send Modbus TCP commands to a Modbus RTU device via a serial-to-TCP gateway.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Port Mode	Modbus TCP Master to Modbus RTU Slave	This setup is used to send Modbus TCP commands to a Modbus RTU device via a serial-to-TCP gateway.
2	Baud Rate	9600	The speed at which data is transmitted over the serial connection.
3	Parity	1.) None 2.) Even 3.) Odd	1.) No parity bit is used, meaning no additional error-checking bits are included. 2.) Ensures that the total number of 1-bits in the data byte plus the parity bit is even. 3.) Ensures that the total number of 1-bits in the data byte plus the parity bit is odd.
4	No of Stopbits	1	Indicates that one stop bit is used, which is standard for most serial communications.
5	No of Databits	8	Indicates that 8 data bits are used per byte, which is a common setting.
6	Local Listener Interface IP Address		Field must not be empty: You need to provide a valid IP address where the TCP connections will be received.
7	TCP Port	502	This is the standard port for Modbus TCP communication.
8	Max. Number of Retries	5	The maximum number of times to retry sending a request if the initial attempt fails.
9	Delay Between Each Request (In milliseconds)	500	The delay between consecutive Modbus requests to avoid overwhelming the system or device.
10	Response Wait Time (In milliseconds)	500	The maximum time to wait for a response from the Modbus RTU Slave before considering the request failed.
11	Connection Timeout (In seconds)	0	A value of 0 typically means no timeout is set, so the system will wait indefinitely.
12	Inactivity Timeout (In seconds)		The time to wait before closing a connection if no activity is detected.

Click on save once configuration changes have been made.

Modbus RTU Master to Modbus TCP Slave:

Configures the serial port to function as a Modbus RTU Master that communicates with a Modbus TCP Slave over a network. This setup is used to send Modbus RTU commands from a master device to a Modbus TCP device via a TCP-to-serial gateway.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Port Mode	Modbus RTU Master to Modbus TCP Slave	This setup is used to send Modbus RTU commands from a master device to a Modbus TCP device via a TCP-to-serial gateway.
2	Baud Rate	9600	The speed at which data is transmitted over the serial connection.
3	Parity	1.) None 2.) Even 3.) Odd	1.) No parity bit is used, meaning no additional error-checking bits are included. 2.) Ensures that the total number of 1-bits in the data byte plus the parity bit is even. 3.) Ensures that the total number of 1-bits in the data byte plus the parity bit is odd.
4	No of Stopbits	1	Indicates that one stop bit is used, which is standard for most serial communications.
5	No of Databits	8	Indicates that 8 data bits are used per byte, which is a common setting.
6	TCP Slave Address	Field must not be empty	The IP address of the Modbus TCP Slave device to which the master will send requests.
7	TCP Slave Port	Field must not be empty	The port number on the Modbus TCP Slave device for receiving Modbus requests.
8	Max. Number of Retries	5	The maximum number of times to retry sending a request if the initial attempt fails.
9	Delay Between Each Request (In milliseconds)	Field must not be empty	The delay between consecutive Modbus requests to avoid overwhelming the system.
10	Response Wait Time (In milliseconds)	500	The maximum time to wait for a response from the Modbus TCP Slave before considering the request failed.
11	Connection Timeout (In seconds)	0	A value of 0 typically means no timeout is set, so the system will wait indefinitely.
12	Inactivity Timeout (In seconds)	Field must not be empty	The time to wait before closing a connection if no activity is detected.

Click on save once configuration changes have been made.

6.4 Cloud Configuration

In this section you can select the protocol by which you need to send data to cloud.

There are 3 Cloud/Protocol available,

HTTP

MQTT

Azure

HTTP Cloud/Protocol:

This configuration sets up communication between your device and cloud service using the HTTP cloud.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Site ID	Ex: ‘Site123’ or ‘Device456’.	A unique identifier for your site or device within the cloud service.
2	Cloud / Protocol	HTTP	The protocol used for communication with the cloud service.
3	HTTP URL	Example: www.httpbin.org/post	The endpoint URL of the cloud service where data will be sent.
4	HTTP Port (Optional)	Leave it blank for the default port.	The port number for the HTTP connection. This is optional because the default port for HTTP (80) is used if not specified.
5	Enable Authentication	Enable/Disable	Enable this if your cloud service requires a username and password.
6	Username	Example: admin	The username for authentication with the cloud service.
7	Password	*****	The password for authentication with the cloud service.
8	Enable Server Response Validation	Enable/Disable	Enable this if you need to verify that the server's response is valid.
9	Server Response	Ex: RecordID or custom	A unique identifier for the record being sent to the cloud service.
10	Method	1.) Post 2.) Get	1.) The HTTP method used for sending data to the cloud service. 2.) The HTTP method used for requesting data from the cloud service.

MQTT Cloud/Protocol:

This configuration sets up communication between your device and a cloud service using the MQTT protocol.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Site ID	Example: ‘Site123’ or ‘Device456’.	A unique identifier for your site or device within the cloud service.
2	Cloud / Protocol	MQTT	The protocol used for communication with the cloud service.
3	MQTT Host	Example: broker.hivemq.com	The MQTT broker's address (hostname or IP address) that the device will connect to for sending and receiving messages.
4	MQTT Port	Example: 1883	This is the default port for unencrypted MQTT connections.
5	Authentication Mode	1.) No Authentication 2.) Username/Password 3.) TLS	1.) Connect to the broker without any credentials. 2.) The Username/Password for authentication with the cloud service. 3.) Upload TLS certificates only if TLS authentication is selected as shown in the above image.
6	Enable Publish Over LAN	Enable/Disable	When enabled, the device will also publish MQTT messages over the local area network (LAN).
7	RS485 Topic (Optional)	Example: RS485Data1	The MQTT topic for publishing RS485 data.
8	Command Request Topic (Optional)	Example: CommandRequest1	The topic to which the device listens for command requests. Leave it blank if not in use.
9	Command Response Topic (Optional)	Example: CommandResponse1	The topic on which the device publishes responses to commands. Leave it blank if not in use.

Click on save once configuration changes have been made.

Azure:

This configuration sets up the connection to Azure IoT Hub using either MQTT or HTTP protocols with a specified connection string.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Site ID	Example: ‘Site123’ or ‘Device456’.	A unique identifier for your site or device within the cloud service.
2	Cloud / Protocol	Azure	The cloud service and protocol used for communication.
3	Protocol	1.) MQTT 2.) HTTP	1.) A lightweight messaging protocol suitable for IoT devices. 2.) A protocol used for communication over the web, commonly used for RESTful services.
4	Connection String	e.g., invendis-iot-hub.azure-devices.net.	The primary or secondary key used to authenticate the device with the IoT Hub.

Click on save once configuration changes have been made.

6.5 Modbus Configuration

Modbus Configuration involves setting up communication parameters for Modbus devices, including baud rate, parity, stop bits, data bits, TCP/RTU settings, and timeout/retry settings for reliable data exchange.

Click on “Add Device” to start a new configuration.

This Configuration has 2 sections,

1.) Parameter Configuration

2.) Register Config

Parameter Configuration:

As shown in the image below, there are two types of protocol used in Modbus configuration.

1.) RTU (Remote Terminal Unit)

2.) TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

Details of both protocols is mentioned in the specification table.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	DEVICE NAME	Ex: Invendis	This is the name assigned to the Modbus device for identification purposes.
2	Port number	RS485 Port-1	This specifies which RS485 port on the device is being used for communication.
3	Meter ID	1	The Meter ID is a unique identifier for the specific meter within the network. Each Modbus device on the network must have a unique ID to differentiate it from others.
4	Meter Model	Example: abcd	This field specifies the model of the meter.
5	Function Code	read coils (1) read input coils (2) read holding registers (3) read input registers (4)	The function code indicates the operation to be performed. In Modbus, each operation has a specific function code.
6	Slave Address	Example: 1	The slave address identifies the specific slave device on the Modbus network. Each slave must have a unique address so that the master can communicate with it individually.
		Modbus protocol: RTU
7	Baud rate	300 \| 1200 \| 1800 \| 2400 \| 4800 \| 19200 \| 38400 \| default: 9600	The baud rate determines the communication speed between devices, measured in bits per second.
8	Parity	1.) NONE 2.) ODD 3.) EVEN	1.) No parity bit is added to the data byte. 2.) Ensures that the total number of 1-bits in the data byte plus the parity bit is even. 3.) Ensures that the total number of 1-bits in the data byte plus the parity bit is odd.
9	No. of Databits	7/8	Indicates that 8 data bits are used per byte, which is a common setting.
10	No. of Stopbits	1/2	Configures the serial communication to use 1 stop bit, which is a common setting ensuring the end of each byte is clearly marked.
		Modbus protocol: TCP
11	Modbus Comm IP	Ex: 192.168.10.147	IP of the device you are communicating with.
12	Modbus Comm Port	Ex: 502 (default)	Give a specified TCP port number
13	Modbus Comm Timeout	Ex: 60	This refers to the maximum amount of time the master device will wait for a response from a slave device before it assumes a communication failure.
14	Start Register	Example: 0	The start register indicates the address of the first register to be read in the slave device.
15	No. of Resister	Example: 10	This specifies the number of consecutive registers to read starting from the start register.

Register Config:

In this section you can add multiple parameters to read.

There are 2 different formats,

Default Mapping

Custom Mapping

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Default mapping	1.) Tag Name = (Ex: FQ) 2.) Data type = 8bit INT \| 8bit UINT \| 16bit INT, high byte first \| 16bit INT, low byte first \| 16bit UINT, high byte first \| 16bit UINT, low byte first \| 32bit float (various Byte order) \| 32bit INT (various Byte order) \| 32bit UINT (various Byte order) \| 1 bit; default: Hexadecimal	1.) Input value name. 2.) Defines how read data will be stored.
2	Custom mapping	1.) Register name: 2.) Start register: 3.) Register count: 4.) Data type = 8bit INT \| 8bit UINT \| 16bit INT, high byte first \| 16bit INT, low byte first \| 16bit UINT, high byte first \| 16bit UINT, low byte first \| 32bit float (various Byte order) \| 32bit INT (various Byte order) \| 32bit UINT (various Byte order) \| 1 bit; Hexadecimal; default: 32-bit floating point	1.) Input value name. 2.) First register in custom register block. 3.) Path to file in which the custom register block will be stored. 4.) Defines how read data will be stored.

In Register Config,

Click on ‘Add’ to add new parameters.

Click on ‘Show JSON’ to view an example value of how the data will be presented.

Click on ‘Update Device’ once configuration changes have been made.

7. Appmanager

Appmanager is a system utility that manages the installation, configuration, and execution of software applications on a device.

This section is divided into 8 categories,

Application Start/Stop
Application Software Upgrade
Modbus Utility Configuration
Import/Export Application Configurations
App Health Status
IO Utilities

7.1 Application Start/Stop

All changes made in ‘Configuration’ section should be saved into backend and to do that navigate to Appmanager>> Application Start/Stop.

Click on update to save all the changes made in configuration section.

Once updated click on start.

Make sure application is started to send data to cloud, once started it can be seen start option is replaced by Stop as shown above.

7.2 Application Software Upgrade

In this section you can upgrade software manually or automatically.

For auto upgrade, enable auto upgrade tab,

This is further divided into 2 sections,

Client and server settings

Auto Upgrade Interval

Specification details are given below:

Client and Server Settings
SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Authentication	Enable/Disable	Enable if username/password is required.
2	Username	XXXX	The username required to authenticate with the server.
3	Password	XXXX	The password required to authenticate with the server.
4	Server address	ftp://XXXX	The URL or IP address of the server where the upgrade files are located.
5	Connection timeout	Ex: 180	The maximum time (in seconds) the system will wait to establish a connection with the server before timing out.
6	Operation timeout	Ex: 240	The maximum time (in seconds) the system will wait for the upgrade operation to complete before timing out.
Auto Upgrade Interval
SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Minutes	Example: 56	Set the minute part of the interval when the auto-upgrade check will occur
2	Day Of Month	Example: all	Specifies the days of the month when the auto-upgrade check should occur.
3	Month	Example: all	Specifies the months during which the auto-upgrade check should occur
4	Day Of Week	Example: all	Specifies the days of the week when the auto-upgrade check should occur.

You can also check the current software version and manually upgrade software as shown below.

To Manually upgrade Application,

Enter the correct ‘Checksum’ and ‘Size’ and upgrade the page.

(Please stop the applications before upgrading)

7.3 Modbus Utility Configuration

Any changes to be made in Modbus Configuration to test can be made in Modbus Utility Configuration without disturbing the actual Modbus Configuration.

The working process of ‘Modbus Configuration’ and ‘Modbus Utility Configuration’ are same.

Refer (6.5 Modbus Configuration) for specification details.

Click on save once configuration changes have been made.

7.4 Import / Export Gateway Configuration

This functionality ensures that you can easily manage, back up, and restore device gateway

configurations, as well as reset the device to default settings when needed.

Export Config:

Usage: Click the "Export Config" button to save the current configuration to a file.

Import Config:

Usage: Click the "Import Config" button and select the text file containing the configuration you want to import.

Reset Config:

Usage: Click the "Reset Config" button to revert the device to its default configuration settings.

7.5 App Health Status

This section provides utilities to check the health and status of various applications and data inputs

within the system. It allows monitoring of the last data produced and sent times for different utilities, as

well as the running status of applications.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Energy meter Last Data Produced Time	Command ‘Read’	Displays the last time data was produced by the energymeter.
2	App Running Status	Command ‘Read’	Displays the current running status of applications.
3	Download Files	Command ‘Download’	Choose the desired option from the dropdown menu. Download data or logs related to the options available.
4	Output	Display Value	Provides output or feedback based on selected utilities.

7.6 IO Utilities

This section provides output of various utilities connected to the device.

This section exactly shows whether the connection made is successful or not.

Specification details are given below:

SN	Field Name	Sample Value	Description
1	Modbus Utility	Input: Slave ID	Action: Read or Write
2	Output	Print any values	Action: Will display the results or status messages based on the actions performed using the utilities.

8.Logout

The user should click on log out option to logged out from the router application.